United Kingdom, Ireland, Netherlands, Spain: Tax Rates & Startup Ecosystem Compared

Side-by-side breakdown of tax rates, startup ecosystem, residency pathways, and 6 more dimensions for founders choosing where to incorporate in 2026.

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4 selectedClear all
🇪🇸Spain
69
Worldwide
🇮🇪Ireland
62
Remittance-Based
🇬🇧United Kingdom
71
Worldwide
🇳🇱Netherlands
59
Worldwide

Dimension Profile

Shape = jurisdiction fingerprint. Gap = your decision.

Tax Regime Comparison1
🇪🇸SpainWorldwide47%
🇮🇪IrelandRemittance-Based40%
🇬🇧United KingdomWorldwide45%
🇳🇱NetherlandsWorldwide49.5%
Exit tax applies in one jurisdictionCritical

Spain and Ireland and Netherlands have an exit tax. If you establish residency and later wish to leave, you may owe tax on unrealized gains or assets at departure. The other country in this comparison does not have an exit tax.

Not tax advice. Tax laws change frequently. Verify with a qualified professional before making residency decisions.

Field-by-Field Breakdown

Green = best value per row
Metric
🇪🇸Spain69
🇮🇪Ireland62
🇬🇧United Kingdom71
🇳🇱Netherlands59
Dimension Scores
Corporate Tax
32
83
42
39
Funding
100
100
85
100
Visa
90
80
80
75
Residency
43
75
65
73
Tax Res.
45
60
45
45
Practical
96
86
100
100
Remote Work
64
39
43
39
Family
95
80
80
90
Ecosystem
60
75
100
100
Corporate Tax Details
Corporate Tax Rate25%12.5%25%25.8%
Capital Gains Tax28%33%24%36%
Tax Treaties9676130100
Territorial SystemNoNoNoNo
Funding Details
Active VCs10065650200
Government GrantsYesYesYesYes
EU Funding EligibleYesYesNoYes
Visa Details
Has Startup VisaYesYesYesYes
Processing Time45905630
Min Investment-$55K$0-
E-ResidencyNoNoNoNo
Digital Nomad VisaYesNoNoNo
Residency Details
Visa Programs Available2333
Citizenship Timeline10565
Dual CitizenshipNoYesYesNo
Immigration Score7578
Tax Res. Details
Tax Residency Days183183183183
Personal Tax Top Rate47404550
Territorial TaxationNoNoNoNo
Special Tax RegimeYesYesNoYes
Exit TaxYesYesNoYes
Practical Details
Banking Difficultyeasymoderateeasyeasy
100% Foreign OwnershipYesYesYesYes
Company Formation7515
Virtual Office OKYesYesYesYes
Remote Work Details
Nomad VisaYesNoNoNo
Tourist Workgray_areagray_areaillegalgray_area
Tourist Visa Days909018090
PE Risk Levelmoderatehighvery_highhigh
Days Before Tax Res.183183183183
Internet Speed2209085300
Coworking/mo$250$300$400$300
Family Details
Safety Index72626578
Int'l SchoolsYesYesYesYes
Homeschoolinglegal_with_restrictionslegallegalillegal
Healthcare Quality82757885
Cost of Living559510580
Ecosystem Details
Unicorns5127512
English Business EnvNoYesYesYes
Talent Pool Quality70609082

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