Spain, Portugal, Switzerland, Greece: Visa Options & Tax Rates Compared

Side-by-side breakdown of visa options, tax rates, remote work, and 6 more dimensions for founders choosing where to incorporate in 2026.

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4 selectedClear all
🇪🇸Spain
69
Worldwide
🇨🇭Switzerland
73
Lump-Sum Taxation (Forfait / Expenditure-Based Taxation)
🇵🇹Portugal
76
IFICI (Incentivo Fiscal para a Internacionalização de Competências e Investimento)
🇬🇷Greece
70
Worldwide

Dimension Profile

Shape = jurisdiction fingerprint. Gap = your decision.

Tax Regime Comparison3
🇪🇸SpainWorldwide47%
🇨🇭SwitzerlandLump-Sum Taxation (Forfait / Expenditure-Based Taxation)40%
🇵🇹PortugalIFICI (Incentivo Fiscal para a Internacionalização de Competências e Investimento)48%
🇬🇷GreeceWorldwide44%
Tax system mismatchCritical

Spain and Greece tax all worldwide income once you become a tax resident (top rate: 47%). Switzerland and Portugal do not - only locally-sourced income is taxed. This is a fundamental structural difference that affects your total effective tax burden.

Exit tax applies in one jurisdictionCritical

Spain and Portugal and Greece have an exit tax. If you establish residency and later wish to leave, you may owe tax on unrealized gains or assets at departure. The other country in this comparison does not have an exit tax.

Special tax regime available in one jurisdictionNote

Switzerland (Lump-Sum Taxation (Forfait / Expenditure-Based Taxation)), Portugal (IFICI (Incentivo Fiscal para a Internacionalização de Competências e Investimento)) offer a qualifying program that may exempt foreign-source income from local tax. This can significantly reduce your effective rate compared to the standard regime.

Not tax advice. Tax laws change frequently. Verify with a qualified professional before making residency decisions.

Field-by-Field Breakdown

Green = best value per row
Metric
🇪🇸Spain69
🇨🇭Switzerland73
🇵🇹Portugal76
🇬🇷Greece70
Dimension Scores
Corporate Tax
32
75
55
52
Funding
100
85
95
85
Visa
90
40
90
85
Residency
43
60
78
60
Tax Res.
45
70
45
45
Practical
96
88
91
83
Remote Work
64
39
69
79
Family
95
75
95
85
Ecosystem
60
100
90
65
Corporate Tax Details
Corporate Tax Rate25%14.9%21%22%
Capital Gains Tax28%0%28%22%
Tax Treaties961007857
Territorial SystemNoNoNoNo
Funding Details
Active VCs100804816
Government GrantsYesYesYesYes
EU Funding EligibleYesNoYesYes
Visa Details
Has Startup VisaYesNoYesYes
Processing Time454590120
Min Investment--$0$272K
E-ResidencyNoNoNoNo
Digital Nomad VisaYesNoYesYes
Residency Details
Visa Programs Available2336
Citizenship Timeline101057
Dual CitizenshipNoYesYesYes
Immigration Score7686
Tax Res. Details
Tax Residency Days18390183183
Personal Tax Top Rate47404844
Territorial TaxationNoNoNoNo
Special Tax RegimeYesYesYesYes
Exit TaxYesNoYesYes
Practical Details
Banking Difficultyeasyeasymoderatemoderate
100% Foreign OwnershipYesYesYesYes
Company Formation75310
Virtual Office OKYesNoYesYes
Remote Work Details
Nomad VisaYesNoYesYes
Tourist Workgray_areaillegalgray_areaillegal
Tourist Visa Days90909090
PE Risk Levelmoderatehighmoderatemoderate
Days Before Tax Res.18390183183
Internet Speed2202008593
Coworking/mo$250$400$180$175
Family Details
Safety Index72908254
Int'l SchoolsYesYesYesYes
Homeschoolinglegal_with_restrictionslegal_with_restrictionslegal_with_restrictionslegal_with_restrictions
Healthcare Quality82957659
Cost of Living551406840
Ecosystem Details
Unicorns51262
English Business EnvNoYesYesYes
Talent Pool Quality70857268

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