Portugal, Indonesia, Argentina, United Kingdom: Tax Rates & Business Setup Compared

Side-by-side breakdown of tax rates, business setup, residency pathways, and 6 more dimensions for founders choosing where to incorporate in 2026.

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4 selectedClear all
🇮🇩Indonesia
61
Worldwide
🇦🇷Argentina
58
Worldwide
🇵🇹Portugal
76
IFICI (Incentivo Fiscal para a Internacionalização de Competências e Investimento)
🇬🇧United Kingdom
71
Worldwide

Dimension Profile

Shape = jurisdiction fingerprint. Gap = your decision.

Tax Regime Comparison5
🇮🇩IndonesiaWorldwide35%
🇦🇷ArgentinaWorldwide35%
🇵🇹PortugalIFICI (Incentivo Fiscal para a Internacionalização de Competências e Investimento)48%
🇬🇧United KingdomWorldwide45%
Tax system mismatchCritical

Indonesia and Argentina and United Kingdom tax all worldwide income once you become a tax resident (top rate: 45%). Portugal does not - only locally-sourced income is taxed. This is a fundamental structural difference that affects your total effective tax burden.

Exit tax applies in one jurisdictionCritical

Portugal has an exit tax. If you establish residency and later wish to leave, you may owe tax on unrealized gains or assets at departure. The other countries in this comparison do not have an exit tax.

13pp personal tax rate spreadNote

Both countries tax worldwide income, but the top personal income tax rates differ materially. Portugal: 48% vs Indonesia: 35%. Both apply to all global earnings once you establish residency.

CFC rules apply in one jurisdictionReview

Argentina and Portugal and United Kingdom have Controlled Foreign Corporation (CFC) rules. Owning a foreign company as a resident may trigger local tax on undistributed profits - even if the company pays no dividends. The other country in this comparison does not have CFC rules.

Special tax regime available in one jurisdictionNote

Portugal (IFICI (Incentivo Fiscal para a Internacionalização de Competências e Investimento)) offers a qualifying program that may exempt foreign-source income from local tax for up to 10 years. This can significantly reduce your effective rate compared to the standard regime.

Not tax advice. Tax laws change frequently. Verify with a qualified professional before making residency decisions.

Field-by-Field Breakdown

Green = best value per row
Metric
🇮🇩Indonesia61
🇦🇷Argentina58
🇵🇹Portugal76
🇬🇧United Kingdom71
Dimension Scores
Corporate Tax
37
0
55
42
Funding
80
85
95
85
Visa
90
90
90
80
Residency
43
91
78
65
Tax Res.
55
55
45
45
Practical
45
81
91
100
Remote Work
67
79
69
43
Family
75
85
95
80
Ecosystem
70
80
90
100
Corporate Tax Details
Corporate Tax Rate22%35%21%25%
Capital Gains Tax-15%28%24%
Tax Treaties712278130
Territorial SystemNoNoNoNo
Funding Details
Active VCs306548650
Government GrantsYesYesYesYes
EU Funding EligibleNoNoYesNo
Visa Details
Has Startup VisaYesYesYesYes
Processing Time60609056
Min Investment-$5K$0$0
E-ResidencyNoNoNoNo
Digital Nomad VisaYesYesYesNo
Residency Details
Visa Programs Available2333
Citizenship Timeline10256
Dual CitizenshipNoYesYesYes
Immigration Score5887
Tax Res. Details
Tax Residency Days183365183183
Personal Tax Top Rate35354845
Territorial TaxationNoNoNoNo
Special Tax RegimeNoNoYesNo
Exit TaxNoNoYesNo
Practical Details
Banking Difficultydifficultdifficultmoderateeasy
100% Foreign OwnershipNoYesYesYes
Company Formation30131
Virtual Office OKNoYesYesYes
Remote Work Details
Nomad VisaYesYesYesNo
Tourist Workgray_areagray_areagray_areaillegal
Tourist Visa Days309090180
PE Risk Levellowmoderatemoderatevery_high
Days Before Tax Res.183365183183
Internet Speed251308585
Coworking/mo$100$150$180$400
Family Details
Safety Index55458265
Int'l SchoolsYesYesYesYes
Homeschoolinglegallegal_with_restrictionslegal_with_restrictionslegal
Healthcare Quality55727678
Cost of Living325068105
Ecosystem Details
Unicorns814675
English Business EnvNoNoYesYes
Talent Pool Quality50787290

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