Portugal, Greece, United Arab Emirates, Italy: Tax Rates & Personal Tax Compared

Side-by-side breakdown of tax rates, personal tax, startup ecosystem, and 6 more dimensions for founders choosing where to incorporate in 2026.

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4 selectedClear all
🇵🇹Portugal
76
IFICI (Incentivo Fiscal para a Internacionalização de Competências e Investimento)
🇦🇪United Arab Emirates
67
Territorial
🇬🇷Greece
70
Worldwide
🇮🇹Italy
70
Worldwide

Dimension Profile

Shape = jurisdiction fingerprint. Gap = your decision.

Tax Regime Comparison4
🇵🇹PortugalIFICI (Incentivo Fiscal para a Internacionalização de Competências e Investimento)48%
🇦🇪United Arab EmiratesTerritorial0%
🇬🇷GreeceWorldwide44%
🇮🇹ItalyWorldwide43%
Tax system mismatchCritical

Greece and Italy tax all worldwide income once you become a tax resident (top rate: 44%). Portugal and United Arab Emirates do not - only locally-sourced income is taxed. This is a fundamental structural difference that affects your total effective tax burden.

Exit tax applies in one jurisdictionCritical

Portugal and Greece have an exit tax. If you establish residency and later wish to leave, you may owe tax on unrealized gains or assets at departure. The other countries in this comparison do not have an exit tax.

CFC rules apply in one jurisdictionReview

Portugal and Greece and Italy have Controlled Foreign Corporation (CFC) rules. Owning a foreign company as a resident may trigger local tax on undistributed profits - even if the company pays no dividends. The other country in this comparison does not have CFC rules.

Special tax regime available in one jurisdictionNote

Portugal (IFICI (Incentivo Fiscal para a Internacionalização de Competências e Investimento)) offers a qualifying program that may exempt foreign-source income from local tax for up to 10 years. This can significantly reduce your effective rate compared to the standard regime.

Not tax advice. Tax laws change frequently. Verify with a qualified professional before making residency decisions.

Field-by-Field Breakdown

Green = best value per row
Metric
🇵🇹Portugal76
🇦🇪United Arab Emirates67
🇬🇷Greece70
🇮🇹Italy70
Dimension Scores
Corporate Tax
55
100
52
32
Funding
95
85
85
100
Visa
90
80
85
90
Residency
78
63
60
68
Tax Res.
45
90
45
55
Practical
91
96
83
83
Remote Work
69
85
79
64
Family
95
90
85
85
Ecosystem
90
100
65
65
Corporate Tax Details
Corporate Tax Rate21%9%22%27.9%
Capital Gains Tax28%0%22%26%
Tax Treaties7813757100
Territorial SystemNoYesNoNo
Funding Details
Active VCs48951680
Government GrantsYesYesYesYes
EU Funding EligibleYesNoYesYes
Visa Details
Has Startup VisaYesYesYesYes
Processing Time903012060
Min Investment$0$136K$272K-
E-ResidencyNoNoNoNo
Digital Nomad VisaYesYesYesYes
Residency Details
Visa Programs Available3364
Citizenship Timeline5-710
Dual CitizenshipYesNoYesYes
Immigration Score8866
Tax Res. Details
Tax Residency Days183183183183
Personal Tax Top Rate4804443
Territorial TaxationNoYesNoNo
Special Tax RegimeYesNoYesYes
Exit TaxYesNoYesNo
Practical Details
Banking Difficultymoderateeasymoderatemoderate
100% Foreign OwnershipYesYesYesYes
Company Formation331030
Virtual Office OKYesYesYesYes
Remote Work Details
Nomad VisaYesYesYesYes
Tourist Workgray_areatoleratedillegalgray_area
Tourist Visa Days90309090
PE Risk Levelmoderatelowmoderatemoderate
Days Before Tax Res.183183183183
Internet Speed8512093117
Coworking/mo$180$350$175$275
Family Details
Safety Index82885465
Int'l SchoolsYesYesYesYes
Homeschoolinglegal_with_restrictionslegal_with_restrictionslegal_with_restrictionslegal_with_restrictions
Healthcare Quality76805982
Cost of Living68904055
Ecosystem Details
Unicorns6829
English Business EnvYesYesYesNo
Talent Pool Quality72726865

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