Netherlands, Indonesia, Ireland, Italy: Business Setup & Tax Rates Compared

Side-by-side breakdown of business setup, tax rates, startup ecosystem, and 6 more dimensions for founders choosing where to incorporate in 2026.

Select Countries

Singapore Cyprus Uruguay Estonia Panama Portugal Costa Rica Belize Switzerland Malta United Kingdom Canada Greece Italy Paraguay Spain Georgia United Arab Emirates Germany Ireland Indonesia Colombia Netherlands Argentina Mexico Thailand Sao Tome and Principe

4 selectedClear all

🇮🇪Ireland

Remittance-Based

🇮🇩Indonesia

Worldwide

🇳🇱Netherlands

Worldwide

🇮🇹Italy

Worldwide

Dimension Profile

Shape = jurisdiction fingerprint. Gap = your decision.

Tax Regime Comparison3

🇮🇪IrelandRemittance-Based40%

🇮🇩IndonesiaWorldwide35%

🇳🇱NetherlandsWorldwide49.5%

🇮🇹ItalyWorldwide43%

Exit tax applies in one jurisdictionCritical

Ireland and Netherlands have an exit tax. If you establish residency and later wish to leave, you may owe tax on unrealized gains or assets at departure. The other countries in this comparison do not have an exit tax.

14.5pp personal tax rate spreadNote

Both countries tax worldwide income, but the top personal income tax rates differ materially. Netherlands: 49.5% vs Indonesia: 35%. Both apply to all global earnings once you establish residency.

CFC rules apply in one jurisdictionReview

Ireland and Netherlands and Italy have Controlled Foreign Corporation (CFC) rules. Owning a foreign company as a resident may trigger local tax on undistributed profits - even if the company pays no dividends. The other country in this comparison does not have CFC rules.

Not tax advice. Tax laws change frequently. Verify with a qualified professional before making residency decisions.

Field-by-Field Breakdown

Green = best value per row

Metric	🇮🇪Ireland62	🇮🇩Indonesia61	🇳🇱Netherlands59	🇮🇹Italy70
Dimension Scores
Corporate Tax	83	37	39	32
Funding	100	80	100	100
Visa	80	90	75	90
Residency	75	43	73	68
Tax Res.	60	55	45	55
Practical	86	45	100	83
Remote Work	39	67	39	64
Family	80	75	90	85
Ecosystem	75	70	100	65
Corporate Tax Details
Corporate Tax Rate	12.5%	22%	25.8%	27.9%
Capital Gains Tax	33%	-	36%	26%
Tax Treaties	76	71	100	100
Territorial System	No	No	No	No
Funding Details
Active VCs	65	30	200	80
Government Grants	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
EU Funding Eligible	Yes	No	Yes	Yes
Visa Details
Has Startup Visa	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
Processing Time	90	60	30	60
Min Investment	$55K	-	-	-
E-Residency	No	No	No	No
Digital Nomad Visa	No	Yes	No	Yes
Residency Details
Visa Programs Available	3	2	3	4
Citizenship Timeline	5	10	5	10
Dual Citizenship	Yes	No	No	Yes
Immigration Score	5	5	8	6
Tax Res. Details
Tax Residency Days	183	183	183	183
Personal Tax Top Rate	40	35	50	43
Territorial Taxation	No	No	No	No
Special Tax Regime	Yes	No	Yes	Yes
Exit Tax	Yes	No	Yes	No
Practical Details
Banking Difficulty	moderate	difficult	easy	moderate
100% Foreign Ownership	Yes	No	Yes	Yes
Company Formation	5	30	5	30
Virtual Office OK	Yes	No	Yes	Yes
Remote Work Details
Nomad Visa	No	Yes	No	Yes
Tourist Work	gray_area	gray_area	gray_area	gray_area
Tourist Visa Days	90	30	90	90
PE Risk Level	high	low	high	moderate
Days Before Tax Res.	183	183	183	183
Internet Speed	90	25	300	117
Coworking/mo	$300	$100	$300	$275
Family Details
Safety Index	62	55	78	65
Int'l Schools	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
Homeschooling	legal	legal	illegal	legal_with_restrictions
Healthcare Quality	75	55	85	82
Cost of Living	95	32	80	55
Ecosystem Details
Unicorns	12	8	12	9
English Business Env	Yes	No	Yes	No
Talent Pool Quality	60	50	82	65

Next steps

Ready to take action?

Ready to incorporate in Ireland?

Recommended services used by founders targeting this jurisdiction.

FirstbasePopular

US entity formation for international founders. Fast, fully remote.

Get started

Affiliate links - we may earn a commission at no extra cost to you.

Open a business bank account

Best options for founders incorporated in or targeting Ireland.

Wise BusinessPopular

Multi-currency account with real exchange rates. No SWIFT fees.

Get started

Revolut Business

EU banking with expense management and team cards.

Get started

Affiliate links - we may earn a commission at no extra cost to you.

Discussion (0)

A community of sovereign individuals - founders, families, and remote operators. Share what you know, ask what you don't.

No comments yet - be the first to share what you know about this page.

BEYOND SCORES

Track entities, compliance, and residency days

NomadSignal is more than country scores. Manage your multi-jurisdiction business with pathway playbooks, presence tracking, compliance alerts, and an AI advisor that knows your data.

See the platform Pricing