Mexico, Spain, Portugal, Indonesia: Business Setup & Tax Rates Compared

Side-by-side breakdown of business setup, tax rates, visa options, and 6 more dimensions for founders choosing where to incorporate in 2026.

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4 selectedClear all
🇮🇩Indonesia
61
Worldwide
🇪🇸Spain
69
Worldwide
🇵🇹Portugal
76
IFICI (Incentivo Fiscal para a Internacionalização de Competências e Investimento)
🇲🇽Mexico
58
Worldwide

Dimension Profile

Shape = jurisdiction fingerprint. Gap = your decision.

Tax Regime Comparison5
🇮🇩IndonesiaWorldwide35%
🇪🇸SpainWorldwide47%
🇵🇹PortugalIFICI (Incentivo Fiscal para a Internacionalização de Competências e Investimento)48%
🇲🇽MexicoWorldwide35%
Tax system mismatchCritical

Indonesia and Spain and Mexico tax all worldwide income once you become a tax resident (top rate: 47%). Portugal does not - only locally-sourced income is taxed. This is a fundamental structural difference that affects your total effective tax burden.

Exit tax applies in one jurisdictionCritical

Spain and Portugal and Mexico have an exit tax. If you establish residency and later wish to leave, you may owe tax on unrealized gains or assets at departure. The other country in this comparison does not have an exit tax.

13pp personal tax rate spreadNote

Both countries tax worldwide income, but the top personal income tax rates differ materially. Portugal: 48% vs Indonesia: 35%. Both apply to all global earnings once you establish residency.

CFC rules apply in one jurisdictionReview

Spain and Portugal and Mexico have Controlled Foreign Corporation (CFC) rules. Owning a foreign company as a resident may trigger local tax on undistributed profits - even if the company pays no dividends. The other country in this comparison does not have CFC rules.

Special tax regime available in one jurisdictionNote

Portugal (IFICI (Incentivo Fiscal para a Internacionalização de Competências e Investimento)) offers a qualifying program that may exempt foreign-source income from local tax for up to 10 years. This can significantly reduce your effective rate compared to the standard regime.

Not tax advice. Tax laws change frequently. Verify with a qualified professional before making residency decisions.

Field-by-Field Breakdown

Green = best value per row
Metric
🇮🇩Indonesia61
🇪🇸Spain69
🇵🇹Portugal76
🇲🇽Mexico58
Dimension Scores
Corporate Tax
37
32
55
15
Funding
80
100
95
85
Visa
90
90
90
50
Residency
43
43
78
65
Tax Res.
55
45
45
40
Practical
45
96
91
73
Remote Work
67
64
69
56
Family
75
95
95
80
Ecosystem
70
60
90
70
Corporate Tax Details
Corporate Tax Rate22%25%21%30%
Capital Gains Tax-28%28%30%
Tax Treaties71967865
Territorial SystemNoNoNoNo
Funding Details
Active VCs301004882
Government GrantsYesYesYesYes
EU Funding EligibleNoYesYesNo
Visa Details
Has Startup VisaYesYesYesNo
Processing Time60459030
Min Investment--$0$40K
E-ResidencyNoNoNoNo
Digital Nomad VisaYesYesYesNo
Residency Details
Visa Programs Available2233
Citizenship Timeline101055
Dual CitizenshipNoNoYesYes
Immigration Score5787
Tax Res. Details
Tax Residency Days183183183183
Personal Tax Top Rate35474835
Territorial TaxationNoNoNoNo
Special Tax RegimeNoYesYesNo
Exit TaxNoYesYesYes
Practical Details
Banking Difficultydifficulteasymoderatemoderate
100% Foreign OwnershipNoYesYesYes
Company Formation307310
Virtual Office OKNoYesYesYes
Remote Work Details
Nomad VisaYesYesYesNo
Tourist Workgray_areagray_areagray_areatolerated
Tourist Visa Days309090180
PE Risk Levellowmoderatemoderatemoderate
Days Before Tax Res.183183183183
Internet Speed252208555
Coworking/mo$100$250$180$150
Family Details
Safety Index55728241
Int'l SchoolsYesYesYesYes
Homeschoolinglegallegal_with_restrictionslegal_with_restrictionslegal
Healthcare Quality55827665
Cost of Living32556848
Ecosystem Details
Unicorns85618
English Business EnvNoNoYesNo
Talent Pool Quality50707268

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