Italy, Uruguay, Spain, Indonesia: Tax Rates & Business Setup Compared

Side-by-side breakdown of tax rates, business setup, residency pathways, and 6 more dimensions for founders choosing where to incorporate in 2026.

Select Countries

SingaporeCyprusEstoniaUruguayPanamaPortugalCosta RicaSwitzerlandMaltaUnited KingdomCanadaGreeceItalyParaguaySpainGeorgiaUnited Arab EmiratesGermanyIrelandIndonesiaColombiaNetherlandsArgentinaMexicoThailandSao Tome and Principe
4 selectedClear all
🇮🇩Indonesia
61
Worldwide
🇪🇸Spain
69
Worldwide
🇺🇾Uruguay
80
Impatriados - 11-year tax holiday on foreign capital income
🇮🇹Italy
70
Worldwide

Dimension Profile

Shape = jurisdiction fingerprint. Gap = your decision.

Tax Regime Comparison5
🇮🇩IndonesiaWorldwide35%
🇪🇸SpainWorldwide47%
🇺🇾UruguayImpatriados - 11-year tax holiday on foreign capital income36%
🇮🇹ItalyWorldwide43%
Tax system mismatchCritical

Indonesia and Spain and Italy tax all worldwide income once you become a tax resident (top rate: 47%). Uruguay does not - only locally-sourced income is taxed. This is a fundamental structural difference that affects your total effective tax burden.

Exit tax applies in one jurisdictionCritical

Spain has an exit tax. If you establish residency and later wish to leave, you may owe tax on unrealized gains or assets at departure. The other countries in this comparison do not have an exit tax.

12pp personal tax rate spreadNote

Both countries tax worldwide income, but the top personal income tax rates differ materially. Spain: 47% vs Indonesia: 35%. Both apply to all global earnings once you establish residency.

CFC rules apply in one jurisdictionReview

Spain and Uruguay and Italy have Controlled Foreign Corporation (CFC) rules. Owning a foreign company as a resident may trigger local tax on undistributed profits - even if the company pays no dividends. The other country in this comparison does not have CFC rules.

Special tax regime available in one jurisdictionNote

Uruguay (Impatriados - 11-year tax holiday on foreign capital income) offers a qualifying program that may exempt foreign-source income from local tax for up to 11 years. This can significantly reduce your effective rate compared to the standard regime.

Not tax advice. Tax laws change frequently. Verify with a qualified professional before making residency decisions.

Field-by-Field Breakdown

Green = best value per row
Metric
🇮🇩Indonesia61
🇪🇸Spain69
🇺🇾Uruguay80
🇮🇹Italy70
Dimension Scores
Corporate Tax
37
32
100
32
Funding
80
100
70
100
Visa
90
90
70
90
Residency
43
43
80
68
Tax Res.
55
45
70
55
Practical
45
96
78
83
Remote Work
67
64
94
64
Family
75
95
95
85
Ecosystem
70
60
55
65
Corporate Tax Details
Corporate Tax Rate22%25%25%27.9%
Capital Gains Tax-28%12%26%
Tax Treaties719625100
Territorial SystemNoNoYesNo
Funding Details
Active VCs301001580
Government GrantsYesYesYesYes
EU Funding EligibleNoYesNoYes
Visa Details
Has Startup VisaYesYesNoYes
Processing Time60452160
Min Investment----
E-ResidencyNoNoNoNo
Digital Nomad VisaYesYesYesYes
Residency Details
Visa Programs Available2234
Citizenship Timeline1010510
Dual CitizenshipNoNoYesYes
Immigration Score5776
Tax Res. Details
Tax Residency Days183183183183
Personal Tax Top Rate35473643
Territorial TaxationNoNoNoNo
Special Tax RegimeNoYesYesYes
Exit TaxNoYesNoNo
Practical Details
Banking Difficultydifficulteasymoderatemoderate
100% Foreign OwnershipNoYesYesYes
Company Formation3071430
Virtual Office OKNoYesYesYes
Remote Work Details
Nomad VisaYesYesYesYes
Tourist Workgray_areagray_areatoleratedgray_area
Tourist Visa Days30909090
PE Risk Levellowmoderatelowmoderate
Days Before Tax Res.183183183183
Internet Speed25220120117
Coworking/mo$100$250$140$275
Family Details
Safety Index55727265
Int'l SchoolsYesYesYesYes
Homeschoolinglegallegal_with_restrictionslegal_with_restrictionslegal_with_restrictions
Healthcare Quality55828282
Cost of Living32554055
Ecosystem Details
Unicorns8519
English Business EnvNoNoNoNo
Talent Pool Quality50706265

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