Greece, Portugal, Georgia, Netherlands: Tax Rates & Startup Ecosystem Compared

Side-by-side breakdown of tax rates, startup ecosystem, remote work, and 6 more dimensions for founders choosing where to incorporate in 2026.

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4 selectedClear all
🇵🇹Portugal
76
IFICI (Incentivo Fiscal para a Internacionalização de Competências e Investimento)
🇬🇪Georgia
68
Small Business Status / Virtual Zone IT Company
🇳🇱Netherlands
59
Worldwide
🇬🇷Greece
70
Worldwide

Dimension Profile

Shape = jurisdiction fingerprint. Gap = your decision.

Tax Regime Comparison5
🇵🇹PortugalIFICI (Incentivo Fiscal para a Internacionalização de Competências e Investimento)48%
🇬🇪GeorgiaSmall Business Status / Virtual Zone IT Company20%
🇳🇱NetherlandsWorldwide49.5%
🇬🇷GreeceWorldwide44%
Tax system mismatchCritical

Netherlands and Greece tax all worldwide income once you become a tax resident (top rate: 49.5%). Portugal and Georgia do not - only locally-sourced income is taxed. This is a fundamental structural difference that affects your total effective tax burden.

Exit tax applies in one jurisdictionCritical

Portugal and Netherlands and Greece have an exit tax. If you establish residency and later wish to leave, you may owe tax on unrealized gains or assets at departure. The other country in this comparison does not have an exit tax.

29.5pp personal tax rate spreadReview

Both countries tax worldwide income, but the top personal income tax rates differ materially. Netherlands: 49.5% vs Georgia: 20%. Both apply to all global earnings once you establish residency.

CFC rules apply in one jurisdictionReview

Portugal and Netherlands and Greece have Controlled Foreign Corporation (CFC) rules. Owning a foreign company as a resident may trigger local tax on undistributed profits - even if the company pays no dividends. The other country in this comparison does not have CFC rules.

Special tax regime available in one jurisdictionNote

Portugal (IFICI (Incentivo Fiscal para a Internacionalização de Competências e Investimento)), Georgia (Small Business Status / Virtual Zone IT Company) offer a qualifying program that may exempt foreign-source income from local tax for up to 10 years. This can significantly reduce your effective rate compared to the standard regime.

Not tax advice. Tax laws change frequently. Verify with a qualified professional before making residency decisions.

Field-by-Field Breakdown

Green = best value per row
Metric
🇵🇹Portugal76
🇬🇪Georgia68
🇳🇱Netherlands59
🇬🇷Greece70
Dimension Scores
Corporate Tax
55
100
39
52
Funding
95
70
100
85
Visa
90
50
75
85
Residency
78
58
73
60
Tax Res.
45
75
45
45
Practical
91
86
100
83
Remote Work
69
80
39
79
Family
95
90
90
85
Ecosystem
90
40
100
65
Corporate Tax Details
Corporate Tax Rate21%15%25.8%22%
Capital Gains Tax28%15%36%22%
Tax Treaties785610057
Territorial SystemNoYesNoNo
Funding Details
Active VCs481420016
Government GrantsYesYesYesYes
EU Funding EligibleYesNoYesYes
Visa Details
Has Startup VisaYesNoYesYes
Processing Time90-30120
Min Investment$0--$272K
E-ResidencyNoNoNoNo
Digital Nomad VisaYesYesNoYes
Residency Details
Visa Programs Available3336
Citizenship Timeline51057
Dual CitizenshipYesNoNoYes
Immigration Score8986
Tax Res. Details
Tax Residency Days183183183183
Personal Tax Top Rate48205044
Territorial TaxationNoNoNoNo
Special Tax RegimeYesYesYesYes
Exit TaxYesNoYesYes
Practical Details
Banking Difficultymoderateeasyeasymoderate
100% Foreign OwnershipYesYesYesYes
Company Formation31510
Virtual Office OKYesYesYesYes
Remote Work Details
Nomad VisaYesNoNoYes
Tourist Workgray_arealegalgray_areaillegal
Tourist Visa Days903659090
PE Risk Levelmoderatelowhighmoderate
Days Before Tax Res.183183183183
Internet Speed854530093
Coworking/mo$180$100$300$175
Family Details
Safety Index82727854
Int'l SchoolsYesYesYesYes
Homeschoolinglegal_with_restrictionslegalillegallegal_with_restrictions
Healthcare Quality76588559
Cost of Living68388040
Ecosystem Details
Unicorns60122
English Business EnvYesNoYesYes
Talent Pool Quality72528268

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